Apparatus for and method of bottoming paper bottles and the like



April 9, 1929. w. H. BREMMERMAN 5 5 APPARATUS FOR AND METHOD OF BOTTOMING PAPER BOTTLES AND THE LIKE Original Filed March 14, 1924 a AAAAA A M a r WEE in M Z m H Ell sill

Patented Apr, 9, 1929,

1,708,828 PATENT OFFICE."

WILLIAM; H. BREMMERMAN, 0]? FULTON, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR T0 OSWEGO FALLS GORPURATION, 0F FULTON; NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

APPARATUS FOR AND METHOD OF BOTTl'JMING PAPER BOTTLES AND THE LIKE.

Original application filed Ma ch 14k, 1924-, Serial No. 699,274, and in Canada December 9, 1925. Divided and this application filed June 6', 192%. Serial No. 283,399.

This invention relates more particularly to the formation of bottom closures for the tapered bodies or barrels of paper or other fibrous material bottles and apparatus for carrying out such method; and the objects and nature of the invention will be readily understood by those skilled in the art in the light of the following explanations of my novel method, and of the accompanying drawings that illustrate what I now believe to be the preferred mechanical expression or embodiment of my apparatus for carrying out such method. from among other terms, constructions and formations within the spirit and scope thereof; and this application is filed as a division and I hereby claim the date of filing of my parent appli cation, Ser. No. 699,274, filed March 1%, i994, for tapered fibrous material bottles and the like. r

An object of the invention is the production of a taperedor conical so-called paper bottle with an improved permanent con1- paratively rigid bottom closure.

ll ith this and other objects in view, my invention consists in certain. novel features of method and apparatus for carrying out -the method as more fully and particularly explained and specified hereinafter.

lleterring to the accompanying" drawings forming a part hereof:

Fig. i is a sectional elevation showing, in part, a paper bottle or container produced by my instant method and apparatus.

Fig. 2, shows" certain mechanism in vertical section, and a paper disk and a paper bottle body in cross section and in sectional. elevation, respectively, all to; illustrate a rertain step in the method of forming paper bottles with. permanentabottom closures, in accordance with my invention.

Figs. 95 and 4t, are vertical sectional viewsillustrating additional steps in the method of bottoming paper bottles in accordance with my invention.

The paper container or bottle construction disclosed, isclaimed by my parent application tiled March l4, i924, Ser. No. 699,274.

l."his paper bottle, which is here shown in w the approximate form of truncated cone, or

with a barrel that is longitudinally tapered. from bottom of large diameter to its top or mouth of small diameter, is produced, in ac- 1cordance with my invention, briefly, as folows:-

First,-a single flat blank composed of preferably a single sheet of flexible suitable paper or so-called pulp board is cut of the required dimensions and of the required form to fold around a tapered mandrel to produce the longitudinally tapered bottle body or barrel 1, with over long ends and of uniform taper from one end to the other. This blank is thus bent, rolled or folded around the tapered mandrel so that the longitudinal edges of the blank overlap and these overlapping edges are cemented or otherwise secured together to form the tapered body with a permanent liquid tight jolnt or seam 1 that extends throughout the length of the body. a

This tapered body as thus produced is open at both ends and is of greater length than is the body of the completed bottle.

Second-This body 1, is then provided with any suitable mouth portion, such as a metal neck or mouth ring 2, applied and permanently secured to the small-diameter upper end of the body, to formthe top rim and exterior surrounding bulging" annular bead -or rim of the bottle head and an in- Ell terior depressed seat within the bottle mouth to receive the usualpaper sealing disks or so-called bottle caps:

Third lhe tapered body l, is then dropped, small end down, into a hollow tapered mandrel of such dimensions that the over long large end of the body projects upwardly beyond the upper. open end of the mandrel and upwardly through and beyond, an annular die-and-bottom-shouldertorming'enlargement at the upper end of the mandrel. The interior taper of the mandrel isot such dimensions that the outer tapered surface of the body 1, fits the same, and the body is thereby supported below said enlargement, against collapse or deformation, under the downward thrust and pressure of the hereinafter described bottoming operations.

While the body is thus supported, a plunger, whose axis is alined with the common longitudinal axes of the body and hollow mandrel, drives a transversely-arranged imperforate still sheet paper bottom disk 3, having annular upwardly directed flange 3,

ltltl into the projecting large end of the body and longitudinally thereof toward the small end .of the body, until the further longitudinal inward progress'of said disk is stopped by the bottom shoulder-of the annular top enlargement' or die of the mandrel. The bottom face of the plunger is over-large in diameter with respect to the-interior diam eter of the body where the bottom disk-is tobe seated, and the bottom disk covers the 1 flanged disk is thus of greater external diamly facingshoulder backed by the eter than the interior diameters of the upper end of the paper barrel arranged to internally' receive the same. The driven descending plunger faced. by the flanged bottom disk, thus radially and annularly expands, stretches and swages the upper end of the paper barrel 1, outwardly under great pres sure against the restraininginner surfaces of the walls of the annular top die or enlargement of the mandrel and thus shapes the.upper end of the paper body accordingly, thereby forming the expanded end of the barrel with an enlarged annular u wardottom shoulder of the enlargement of the mandrel and against which the annular outer bottom portion of the bottom disk is seated and compressed by the plunger. The bottom disk 3, having thus been swaged into and seated in thebody end'expanded I thereby the plunger is withdrawn from said 40 bottom disk and the barrel.

This third step preferably includes flexing the bottom disk into centrally arched or convex form toward the interior of the body while the general plane of the body of the disk is at right angles to the direction of plunger movement and while the disk isbacked th'roughoutiits area-by the plunger end and while the disk is tightly stretched o'yer and across the plunger, all while the plunger is driving the disk into the barrel end'to its final seat tightly against and compressing the annular enlarged shoulder 1", formed thereby in the barrel. To accomplish the arching or dishing of the disk, the end face of'the plunger is rounded or'convexed, and the upward longitudinal pull or drag of the disk flange during the disk flanging operation and during the body expanding operation, causes the tight stretchmg of the disk and its conformation to the rounded form of the plunger end, under the natural tendency and elasticity of the stiff paper to return to its original flat form.

Fourth-The expanded upstanding end of the paper barrel and the upstanding flange This 3 of the bottom disk in the barrel, are then by a suitable descending crnnpmg or spmning and pressure head, compressed downwardly and against the floor of the mandrel enlargement or die to forma permanent crlmp compressed against the bottom disk and locking the same against the shoulder '1",-of the body and permanently securing the same in and to the body, and also providingt the paper bottle with an annular dependilig as well as projecting surrounding body sti cning and protecting rim.

Fifth.The paper'body as thus far completed, is then preferably subjected to waterproofing and sealing treatment, which, in part at least, consists in introducing therein a suitable. waterproofing agent in liquid form, such-as paraflin melted by heat, and then pouring the surplus liquid sealing agent therefrom. The liquid parafiin quickly seeks and hardens in theannular angular joint or seam between the top surface of the bottom disk and the tapered surrounding portion of the barrel, thereby forming an annular -fi llet or ring in and sealing said joint or seam and adhering to the pa er surfaces. This distribution of the .melte parafiin to quickly seek and form said sealing fillet, is facilitated where the bottom disk is centrally arched upwardly as hereinafter described.

The apparatus of my invention, from among other structures, for carrying out my method, includes the upwardly enlarging tapered hollow mandrel 4, the upper end of which provides a normally-fixed ring die 5,

surrounding the upper end of the mandrel bore, and in effect forming an annular radial "enlargement 5, 'of the upper end of the mandrel bore open at the top, and'providin a'bottom approximately flat upwardly facing radially enlarged stop shoulder or step constituting the floor of the enlargement, This enlargement is surrounded by vertical preferably cylindrical wall 5", rising from the horizontal'floor or stop shoulder.

A reciprocating punch die 7, is provided for cutting flat large diameter disks 3, from a web of stiff yet somewhat flexible paper (1, fed across ring die- 6, and delivering each flatdisk in the die 6, onto the internal upwardly facing shoulder 6, within said' die 6, see Fig. 3, and to thcreon'hold the flat disk pending a disk flanging o oration. While the flat disk is thus held on t e flange forming shoulder 6, a disk flanging plunger 8 descends through the hollow or ring punch messes plunger and spaced therefrom with the large projecting open end of the tapered barrel 1 opposite the discharge end of the ring die The parts are so arranged and propor tioned, that the plunger 8 will carry the flanged disk directly from die 6 into the large projecting end of the paper'body, and will drive said flanged disk into the body and utilize the flanged disk as a die in expanding, swaging, and shaping the body end into and to conform to the enlargement 5 and the annular lip 5, see Flgsd. The end face 8, is converted to produce the desired inward bulge ofthe .disk 3, when within the bottle body, under the upward pull of the disk flange while pressed by the punch 7, and under the tight frictional engagement of the disk flange with ring die 6, and with the inner surface of paper barrel l.

The diameter of the working end of the plunger 8, is less than the contracted bore of fianging die 6 and the. internal diameter x of the cylindrical end 1, of the bottle body, and hence the flanged disk fits on the working end of said plunger-with its flange exteriorly surrounding said end and is thus forced into the enlarged end of the paper barrel until the shoulder formed by enlarge ment 5*, and the paper shoulder 1 thereon, arrests further inward movement of the flanged disk and plunger within. the barrel end. l'he'oversize flanged disk thus swages the paper body into the enlargement 5* and against the annular lip 5 and the disk is thereby rigidly compressed against the shoulder l. and the wall 1 and the meeting paper surfaces are approximately amalgamated together, by the high pressure.

The plunger 8 is withdrawn when the bottom disk is driven to its seat' in the expanded body, and the mandrel and its hottle body containing the disk are brought into position for crimping. Any suitable means, such as a rotary crimping head, then acts on the projecting cylindrical end of the paper body to lock the flangeddisk in the body by the formation of a locking crimp.

During this crimping operation pressure is applied to the crimp longitudinally of thepaper body and toward the small end thereot', and this pressure is sustained by the shoulder formed by enlargement and hence the position of the flanged disk within the body is not changed. It is hence possible to apply the desired heavy pressure during the crimping operation without forcing the flanged disk into the paper body beyond the position predetermined and necessary in a bottle of the'desired rated capacity.

The body 1, of the bottle or container is composed of a blank of stid yet flexible paper material, and the bottom disk 3, is also competed or still" strong sheet paper material.

The paper container is of a certain rated predetermined capacity and the bottom 3 is so driven and fixed in the body as to avoid sagging or upward movement thereof, in

other words, to avoid changing the capacity of the container.

The bottom disk, as hereinbcfore described, is driven into the body end while the disk is held in convexed or dished form without destroying the elasticity of the paper and its tendency to return to the original fiat form, and the disk is thus fixed in the body while dished and thus held under tension so that the disk exerts outward radial tension or pressure against the surrounding restraining wall of the body to maintain the tight seal or contact of the disk with the body particularly under the weight of the contents on the upwardly arched disk, although l do not wish to so limit all steps and "features of the invention.

The annular joint within the bottom end of the container and sealed by fillet 3. is protected against seam-opening or filletbreaking indentation or distortion of the container body, by the heavy stilt rim forming crimp 1 between the lower end, of the body and the bottom disk flange, forming the lower end of the body with the exteriorly surrounding preferably cylindrical enlarged diameter wall 1, of the annular depending crimp embodying said wall 1, the upset flange 3, and the upturned'portion of the body Wall end terminating at 1 against the bottom surface of disk 3.

What ll claim is:

'1. The improved method of bottoming paper receptacles of tapering form which consists in driving a bottom closure disk, while maintained in a position transverse to the longitudinal axis of the receptacle, by pressure uniformly applied throughout the area of the outer side of the disk, longitudinally of the receptacle into the large end thereof to radially stretch and enlarge said receptacle end and form an annular shoulder, all while supporting the receptacle below said (lisk against distortion; and crimping the pip jecting enlarged end of the receptacle to fix the disk in the receptacle end against said shoulder.

2. In the method of bottoming tapered sheet paper material receptacles, those steps which include supporting the tapered body of the receptacle below its large end against distortion in a hollow mandrel, with said large end projecting up through a hollow die of enlarged diameter having an annular ,floor; driving a paper matci'ial bottomgclosure disk of enlarged diameter while held in a transverse position downwardly into said large end of the paper body, while said disk is backed against tilting and buckling outwardly, to

' stretch and expand said body end within said bottle, those steps which-consist in arranging a longitudinally tapered paper barrel in a hollow mandrel having an annular die at its upper end with the paper barrel projecting upwardly'through and beyond said die; then driving an over-size paper bottom disk longitudinally into the paper barrel held by the mandrel while said disk is held to convex form under tension to return to flat form and thereby sw aging the disk into the barrel and expanding the barrel within said die and against an annular shoulder formed by such expansion of the barrel against the die; and thereafter crimping the barrel end against the disk while said shoulder is backed by the die.

4. In the method of providing the paper material body of a bottle and the like with a permanent liquid tight bottom closure,

those steps which consist in driving and forcing an oversize flanged paper material disk longitudinally into the open end of said body and by contact with surfaces of said disk swaging said body radially outwardly to conform to the internal shape of a die providing said body with an annular internal shoulder against which said disk seats and an enlargementreceiving said disk and then crim ing the projecting end of the 7 body around t e disk flange to permanently lock the disk and body together against relative longitudinal movement of the disk.

5. 'In the manufacture of a paper material bottle and the like, with a permanent, liquid tight bot-tom closure, those steps which con sist in holding the paper material body against longitudinal movement with its open large end projecting through and beyond a ring die having its bore abruptly enlarged at its upper end, and then expanding the portion of the body surrounded by said enlargement to conform to the shape thereof,

by forcin a flan ed oversize a )er material b h disk longitudinally into said body through the large open end thereof, and then permanently securing said disk therein under radial tension and thereby maintaining the expanded and shouldered formation of the body end portion that encloses said disk.

(3. In the manufacture of paper containers, those steps which include, shaping a flat sheet paper material blank to provide a container body of truncated cone form with the longitudinal edges of the blank secured together to form the body with a longitudinal seam; and bottoming said body by driving a stiff elastic bottom disk of enlarged-diameter into an end of said body while said disk is hacked and held transversely of the longitudinal axis of the body, and thereby expanding the body end to form therein an intermediate annular shoulder against which the 'disk is forced under pressure, and then crimping the expanded outer end of the body to the outer surface of the disk to permanently lock the disk and body together.

7. In the manufacture of paper containers, those steps that include providing a stiff container barrel of sheet and driving a stiff flange aper bottom disk of enlarged diameter, while on the end of a plunger, into an end of said barrel to expand and enlarge the barrel end and form a shoulder-against which said disk is driven, the flange of said disk being formed on and surrounding said plunger which has a convexed end face on which the disk is held under tension in dished form by the drag paper material; p

8. In apparatus for the manufacture of paper containers having dished bottom closures; a mandrel for supporting a paper container body with its end pro ecting upwardly, 'and a plunger having a convexed end face adapted to receive a flan ed stifi paper bottom disk of enlarged iameter with respect to said body end with the disk flange surrounding the lunger, said lunger adapted to forcibly drive said dis into said barrel end to expand and enlarge the same by the contact of the disk flange with the inner surface of the barrel end and to for'm a shoulder in the barrel against which the disk is driven, whereby the drag of the disk flange in contact with the inner face of the barrel stretches the disk to convex form tightly over and backed by the convexed end of the plunger.

9. Mechanism for bottomin paper material bodies, comprising a hdllow mandrel having an end ring die the up er end of the bore of which is abruptly e11 arged to pro-- con orm thereto by direct swaging contact between the surfaces of the disk face and flange and the,inner surface of the body.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand at Fulton, N. Y. this 4 day of June, 1928.

\VILLIAM H. BREMMERMAN. 

